Preprint / Versión 1

Diagnóstico de cultivos agrícolas y diversidad vegetal en sistemas agroforestales finca "Lucero", parroquia Teniente Hugo Ortiz

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59410/PREPRINT-UEA-vFOR2626ep01-1216

Keywords:

sistemas agroforestales, diversidad vegetal, manejo agroproductivo, bosque secundario, sostenibilidad

Resumen

Los sistemas agroforestales constituyen una alternativa para integrar producción, conservación de la biodiversidad y resiliencia socioecológica en la Amazonía. El objetivo del estudio fue diagnosticar los componentes agrícolas y la diversidad vegetal del sistema agroforestal de la finca Lucero, parroquia Teniente Hugo Ortiz, Pastaza, Ecuador, para sustentar estrategias de mejoramiento productivo y ambiental adaptadas a las condiciones locales. Se realizó un estudio de caso descriptivo y observacional. El componente agrícola incluyó georreferenciación y delimitación de las áreas productivas, recorridos técnicos, observación directa y entrevista semiestructurada a un productor, además del registro de prácticas de manejo, fertilización, enfermedades y rendimiento de la producción. El componente forestal se evaluó en tres parcelas de 20 × 20 m, con una superficie total muestreada de 1.200 m², donde se registraron 35 individuos arbóreos. Se determinaron variables dasométricas, riqueza, abundancia y frecuencia relativas, dominancia, índice de valor de importancia, Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, equidad e Índice Compuesto de Conservación. La finca presentó una superficie delimitada aproximada de 470.000 m² y una producción agrícola diversificada, con predominio del cacao y limitaciones nutricionales y fitosanitarias. La diversidad y estructura variaron entre parcelas; Shannon-Wiener fue 0,695, 0,669 y 0,579 para P1, P2 y P3, respectivamente. A partir del diagnóstico se propusieron intensificación agroecológica, regeneración natural asistida, enriquecimiento selectivo y monitoreo adaptativo como estrategias de manejo, cuya efectividad deberá evaluarse posteriormente.

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2026-10-07

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